Gross Anatomy II Quiz and Solution

                                                 Myology Quiz question

Answer of the following question.

1. Muscle origin describes the attachment of a muscle on the more stable bone. The insertion then, is the attachment of a muscle on the more moveable bone.

2. 

Define Fascia

Fascia is a connective tissue that is found throughout the body, surrounding and supporting muscles, bones, organs, and other structures. It is composed of collagen and elastin fibers that provide strength, flexibility, and resilience to the tissues it surrounds. Fascia can be found in different layers throughout the body, from the superficial fascia just beneath the skin to the deep fascia that surrounds muscles and other internal structures.

Define Aponeurosis

Aponeurosis is a type of fascia that is flat and sheet-like in appearance. It is composed of collagen fibers that are arranged in a parallel manner, providing strength and support to the structures it surrounds. Aponeurosis is found in areas where there is a need for broad attachment of muscles to bones or other structures, such as in the abdomen and back. It is also found in the scalp, where it serves as an attachment site for muscles and provides a protective covering for the skull.

3.Synsaarcosis = muscle attached with thoracic limb to head,neck and trunk.The muscles of synsarcosis are

1 .Trapezius

  2.Omotransversius

3.Rhomboideus

4.Latissimus dorsi

5.Serratus ventralis

6.Pectoralis

  7.Brachiocephalicus

4.The nuchal ligament is a powerful elastic apparatus, which extends from the occipital bone to the withers.

5.Diaphragm between is a musculo-aponuerotic domeshaped parition between thoracic and abdominal cavity.Thoracic surface is convex and abdominal surface is concave.

6.

9.The diaphragm is supplied by a number of arteries, including the inferior phrenic arteries, the superior phrenic arteries, and the musculophrenic arteries.

10. 

• The thoracic duct is the primary channel for return of lymph from most of the body except for the right thoracic limb, shoulder, and cervical region. It begins in the sublumbar region, or between the diaphragmatic crura, as a continuation of the cisterna chyli.

The azygos vein is a collateral venous pathway, becoming a vital shunt if major pathways of venous return are obstructed. • In azygos continuation, the azygos vein becomes significantly enlarged due to inferior vena cava interruption. • Fibrosing mediastinitis is an underestimated acquired disorder.

• Linea alba originates from the tip of the xiphoid process of the sternum and extends inferiorly along the midline of the whole abdomen. This fibrous raphe has a dual insertion at the level of the pubis. The superficial fibres of the linea alba insert into the pubic symphysis.