Animal Breeding (ANB II)

 

Topic-wise Note :

1. Concept, Importance and Scope of Animal Breeding : Click Here

2. Application of Heritability and Repeatability : Click Here

3. Designing Breeding Program : Click Here

4. Principle of Selection : Click Here

5. Selection Parameter : Click Here

6. Sire and dam evaluation : Click Here 

7. Classification of Mating system : Click Here

8. Inbreeding : Click Here

9. Outbreeding : Click Here

10. Heterosis : Click Here

11. Genomic Selection : Click here

12. Breeding strategies for improvement : Click here

13. Breeding for disease resistance and fitness traits : Click here

14. Breed characterization : Click here

15. National & Provincial Livestock Breeding Policies & Programmes of Nepal : Click here

Quiz Question :

Attempt all questions (Encircle the correct Answer) 0.5 × 20 = 10

1. The history of systematic animal breeding in Nepal began in 1952 (2008 B.S.) with the establishment of a livestock improvement section under the ___________.
   a. Department of Livestock Services
   b. Department of Agriculture Services
   c. Department of Livestock
   d. Department of Agriculture

2. Applied breeding emphasizes the practical implementation of ___________.
   a. genetic tools
   b. molecular tools
   c. breeding tools
   d. none of above

3. Productive traits (growth traits) are __________ categories of heritability.
   a. Low (<0.2)
   b. High (>0.4)
   c. Medium (0.2–0.4)
   d. all of the above

4. Egg production (poultry) is __________ category of repeatability.
   a. High (>0.6)
   b. Medium (0.3–0.6)
   c. Low (<0.3)
   d. None of the above

5. All breeding and genetic improvement occur within a self-contained elite population, known as the nucleus herd or flock.
   a. Open Nucleus breeding system
   b. Close Nucleus breeding system
   c. Two tier breeding system
   d. Three tier breeding system

6. The Nucleus Breeding System (NBS) is a scientifically structured and hierarchical breeding approach aimed at achieving rapid and sustainable __________ in livestock populations.
   a. genetic gain
   b. genetic improvement
   c. both of them
   d. none of them

7. Sakini chickens have been improved to lay __________ eggs annually.
   a. 80–100
   b. 90–110
   c. 100–120
   d. 110–130

8. __________ is the cornerstone of animal breeding, enabling genetic improvement by choosing individuals with desirable traits for reproduction.
   a. Mating system
   b. Breeding plan
   c. Selection
   d. Embryo transfer

9. Response to Selection (R) refers to the genetic improvement achieved in a population per generation due to __________.
   a. inbreeding
   b. cross breeding
   c. selective breeding
   d. line breeding

10. The average age of parents when their offspring are born is __________.
    a. Generation gap
    b. Generation interval
    c. Breeding interval
    d. Breeding age

11. __________ is regarded as the “gold standard” for evaluating the genetic potential of bulls, especially in dairy cattle breeding programs.
    a. Sire evaluation
    b. Dam evaluation
    c. Progeny selection
    d. Progeny testing

12. The key output of BLUP is the __________.
    a. Estimated Breeding Value (EBV)
    b. Genetic gain
    c. MPPA
    d. Selection differential

13. Animals are bred to maintain a relationship to a particular outstanding ancestor, such as mating a grandsire to his granddaughter.
    a. inbreeding
    b. close breeding
    c. line breeding
    d. cross breeding

14. A crucial genetic parameter that quantifies the probability of an individual inheriting two identical alleles from a common ancestor.
    a. inbreeding
    b. selection index
    c. inbreeding coefficient
    d. selection response

15. Expression of deleterious recessive alleles is the mechanism of __________.
    a. selective breeding
    b. inbreeding depression
    c. homozygous recessiveness
    d. inbreeding coefficient

16. The software used to optimize mating pairs by minimizing inbreeding coefficients while maximizing genetic gain. Eggs exploding is a symptom of __________.
    a. CHOPCHOP
    b. PTAs
    c. POPGEN
    d. GRain

17. Goals of Outbreeding:
    a. Enhance Genetic Diversity
    b. Decrease Productivity & Fertility
    c. Mask Useful Dominant Alleles
    d. All of them

18. Mating unrelated animals of the same breed to maintain breed purity while enhancing genetic diversity.
    a. Back crossing
    b. Cross breeding
    c. Out crossing
    d. Criss crossing

19. Dairy cattle may produce __________ less milk per lactation per 1% increase in F.
    a. 24 kg
    b. 12 kg
    c. 10 kg
    d. 14 kg

20. The __________ hypothesis proposes that heterozygous combinations at specific loci confer superior performance compared to either homozygote.
    a. dominance
    b. overdominance
    c. both of them
    d. none of them

Final Question :